|
|
| JFZ3014 | Seismic Prospection | 2+1+0 | ECTS:4 | | Year / Semester | Spring Semester | | Level of Course | First Cycle | | Status | Compulsory | | Department | DEPARTMENT of GEOPHYSICAL ENGINEERING | | Prerequisites and co-requisites | None | | Mode of Delivery | Face to face, Practical | | Contact Hours | 14 weeks - 2 hours of lectures and 1 hour of practicals per week | | Lecturer | Prof. Dr. Hakan KARSLI | | Co-Lecturer | None | | Language of instruction | Turkish | | Professional practise ( internship ) | None | | | | The aim of the course: | | is to provide information and experience about Seismic Methods so that they can be applied to research of geological properties and hydrocarbon reservoirs of shallow and deep subsurface structures |
| Learning Outcomes | CTPO | TOA | | Upon successful completion of the course, the students will be able to : | | | | LO - 1 : | find out types of seismic waves and conditions required of their originate | 1,2,11,12 | | | LO - 2 : | comprehend relations between seismic waves and elastic properties of the earth | 1,2,11,12 | | | LO - 3 : | find out explanation of structure of layered subsurface by using propagation principles (refraction, reflection and diffraction) of seismic waves | 1,2,11,12 | | | LO - 4 : | acquire ability for applications of seismic methods in field | 1,2,11,12 | | | LO - 5 : | learn seismic data processing steps from field and evaluation them in order to obtain a correct structure in terms of depth, subsurface topography, velocities and etc. of layered media | 1,2,11,12 | | | CTPO : Contribution to programme outcomes, TOA :Type of assessment (1: written exam, 2: Oral exam, 3: Homework assignment, 4: Laboratory exercise/exam, 5: Seminar / presentation, 6: Term paper), LO : Learning Outcome | | |
| Introduction to Seismic Methods, Elastic Theory, Factors Whose Influence Seismic Wave Propagation, Seismic Source and Receivers, Seismic Refraction Method, Methods of Evaluation and interpretation of Seismic Refraction Data, Seismic Reflection Methods, Single and Multi-receivers Reflection Data Acquistions and Specifications, Problems in Simple Horizontal-Dipping Planar Interfaces and Multilayer media, Seismic Shots, Stack Trace and Stack Section Concepts, Basic Flowchart of Seismic Data Processing, Seismic Velocities, Vertical Seismic Profilling (VSP) , Borehole Seismic, Side Scan Sonar, New Developments in Seismic Prospection |
| |
| Course Syllabus | | Week | Subject | Related Notes / Files | | Week 1 | What is the reflection and refraction seismic? Historical progression of the seismic methods, The applications field of the seismic methods | | | Week 2 | Elasticity theory, causes of the seismic waves and their propagation principles; Interface, reflection, refraction, converting, reflection and transmission coefficients, the geometry of the wave motion | | | Week 3 | The reasons which effect wave propagation; spherical spreading, attenuation, reflection adn transmission looses, diffractions and multiples | | | Week 4 | Seismic source and receivers; Land and marine systems, the principles of the seismic data acquisitions, single and multi-channel surveys | | | Week 5 | Seismic refraction methods: The geometrical parameters that effect seismic refraction data acquisition in a field, planning the profiles and shot points, interfaces problems with simple and dipping, The refraction problems in multilayer media, refraction wave propagation and problems in irregular interfaces | | | Week 6 | The first arrivals picking on the seismic refraction sections, the problems in picking, the analysis for P-and S-waves, The corrections for refraction data | | | Week 7 | The interpretation methods as traditional and based on software of the first arrivals data;Generalized Reciprocal Method-GRM, Delay time methods (Plus-Minus methods); Applications to real data | | | Week 8 | The basic concepts in seismic reflection: Principles of the reflection, reflector, single and multi-receiver data gathering, Fold in data acquistition and properties | | | Week 9 | Mid-term exam | | | Week 10 | Problems in single and multi-layer media with horizontal and dipping | | | Week 11 | Seismic shot and stacked trace and sections. The basic seismic data processing flow; data format, demultiplexing, editing, automatic gain control (AGC), trace equalization, spherical spreading and attenuation compensation | | | Week 12 | 1D and 2D filtering to filter coherent and incoherent noises, F-K, tau-p and other filters | | | Week 13 | Sorting, stack, normal moveout correction, dip moveout correction, muting, velocity analysises, the factors that effect velocity estimations | | | Week 14 | Correlations, deconvolution, static corrections and the principles of the residuel static | | | Week 15 | Velocity calculations fron seismic reflection sections: T^2-X^2 analysis, root mean square (RMS) velocity, average velocity, Dix interval velocity, stack velocity, NMO velocity, converting from one to other
Vertical Seismic Profiling (VSP), borehole seismic, side scan sonar, the developments in seismic exploration | | | Week 16 | End-of-term exam | | | |
| 1 | Yilmaz, Ö. 2001; Seismic data Analysis: Processing, Inversion, and Interpretation of Seismic data. SEG Tulsa, OK, 2027 pp. | | | 2 | Gadallah, M., R., and Fisher, R. L. 2005; Applied Seismology: A comprehensive guide to seismic theory and application, PennWell, Tulsa, 463 pp. | | | 3 | Çoruh, C., Robinson E. S. 1988; Basic Exploration Geophysics, 1st edition, Jhon Wiley and sons, New York. | | | 4 | Kurtuluş, C. 2002; Sismik Arama: Teori ve Uygulama, Kocaeli Universitesi Yayınları, Kocaeli | | | |
| 1 | Kearey, P. and Brooks, M. 2002; An introduction to geophysical prospecting. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 262 pp. | | | 2 | Al-Sadi, H., N. 1980; Seismic Exploration, Birkhauser Verlag, Basel | | | |
| Method of Assessment | | Type of assessment | Week No | Date | Duration (hours) | Weight (%) | | Mid-term exam | 9 | 28/03/2012 | 2 | 30 | | Practice | 6
11 | | 2
2 | 10 | | Homework/Assignment/Term-paper | 10 | 20/05/2012 | 6 | 10 | | End-of-term exam | 10 | 25/05/2012 | 2 | 50 | | |
| Student Work Load and its Distribution | | Type of work | Duration (hours pw) | No of weeks / Number of activity | Hours in total per term | | Yüz yüze eğitim | 3 | 14 | 42 | | Sınıf dışı çalışma | 10 | 1 | 10 | | Laboratuar çalışması | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Arasınav için hazırlık | 10 | 1 | 10 | | Arasınav | 2 | 1 | 2 | | Uygulama | 2 | 14 | 28 | | Klinik Uygulama | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Ödev | 2 | 2 | 4 | | Proje | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Kısa sınav | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Dönem sonu sınavı için hazırlık | 10 | 1 | 10 | | Dönem sonu sınavı | 2 | 1 | 2 | | Diğer 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Diğer 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | Total work load | | | 108 |
|